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post by
arilliusbm
at 2009-10-23 15:22:40
Cancer
Diazinon is not considered carcinogenic by agencies such as the International Agency for the Research on Cancer, or the US EPA(23). However, use of diazinon by farmers in Iowa and Minnesota has been linked to increased risk of non-Hodgkins lymphoma, a rare form of cancer(24). Similar links were found in the 1980s in Nebraska(25).
Neurological effects
Since the mid 1980s the health effects from exposure to low levels of OP sheep dip remain unclear and of great concern. Public interest groups in the UK such as the OP Information Network and the Pesticide Exposure Groups of Sufferers have campaigned for a ban on the use of diazinon because of these issues. Diazinon has played a major role in OP sheep dip use, along with propetamphos and chlorfenvinphos. Most methods of toxicological analyses for OPs have concentrated on measuring the indirect biological effects on humans, by measuring the degree of erythrocyte and plasma cholinesterase activity. However, people can have a wide variation in cholinesterase levels due to genetic factors and disease status, so measuring adverse effects can be difficult without baseline data(26).
After years of concern, the UK government set up a Committee on Toxicity (COT) Working Group on OPs. Its terms of reference were: ‘To advise on whether prolonged or repeated low-level exposure to OPs, or acute exposure to OPs at a lower dose than causing frank intoxication, can cause chronic ill-health effects.’ The report went on to ‘advise regulatory agencies that any ill-effects remain unproven, although a question remains over whether there may be a small group of individuals particularly susceptible to OPs.’(27) Environmental groups say this ‘small group’ may include about 1,000 sheep dippers(28).
Further work done at the Institute of Occupational Medicine identified the main risk of adverse effects from OP sheep dips as exposure to the concentrate. In December 1999 the government responded by withdrawing all OP sheep dip concentrate containers from the market until the introduction of containers which will minimise operator exposure to the OP(29).
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